Teaching of Discipleship on a Christian of Today. - 966 Words

AO2: Explain how this teaching about discipleship might affect the life of a Christian today. Christian discipleship involves faith and commitment to God, self sacrifice, service to others, using your time, money and energy, as God wants you to not as the world tempts you to. It also involves belonging to God’s own family, the church, and daily commitments with God. Modern day disciples like Ghandi, (even though he was non-Christian) acted as true modern day disciple with his total commitment, self-sacrifice and energy he put into leading India to independence by inspiring movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. We can see that they acted†¦show more content†¦And example of this would be my ‘Granda’ who risked his life to save a mother and child from a house that was burning to the ground, an almost certain death situation. He put his needs before his own and renounced-self. To take up cross is probably one of the most challenging commands of Jesus. Mark was writing his gospel at a time when many Christians were dying for their belief in Jesus. Crucifixion was a real possibility. There have been times since then, even to the present day, when Christians have been persecuted for their beliefs like Nelson Mandela, who believed in the rights of different races, whatever their colour and was imprisoned for 27 years in which he only saw his wife three times. To follow him means accepting the Christian way of life and treading in the footsteps of Jesus, following his examples as closely as possible. Obedience to the will of God and putting others first may lead to suffering as it did for Jesus. However, the invitation to â€Å"Follow me† also holds the promise of sharing in Christ’s resurrected life. I believe that modern day influences can cast a certain cloud over Christianity. Yet there are still those people who fight back to the discrimination and racial prejudice in our societies. Those are the true disciples of Jesus Christ. He who hears the message should carry out the message. People should stop thinking about what they take out of the world, but instead what they put back intoShow MoreRelatedExploring How a Teaching About Discipleship Might Affect the Life of a Christian Today586 Words   |  3 PagesExploring How a Teaching About Discipleship Might Affect the Life of a Christian Today The role of a disciple continues to inspire men and woman today. History is marked be people who committed their life to Jesus Christ In the question, I will explore the lives of the following Christian disciples, Martin Luther King, Maximillian Kolbe and Sister Eleisha. Martin Luther King might affect the life of a Christian today because he is a good example of a disciple. He isRead MoreDiscipleship and Marks Gospel Essay examples888 Words   |  4 PagesDiscipleship and Marks Gospel Marks Gospel can tell us the entire truth about discipleship, telling Christians about the faith, responsibility, and sacrifice involved in following Jesus. Some may even say that we glimpse a harsh reality of what it really means to be a true Christian disciple and to have complete faith. Although in saying this, it is important to note that Marks Gospel does also cover the rewards and the actual meaning of discipleship. This is importantRead MoreEVANGELISM AND DISCIPLESHIP1176 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ EVANGELISM AND DISCIPLESHIP PAPER Matthew 9:35-38 (NIV) reads, Jesus went through all the towns and villages, teaching in their synagogues, proclaiming the good news of the kingdom and healing every disease and sickness. When he saw the crowds, he had compassion on them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd. Then he said to his disciples, â€Å"The harvest is plentiful but the workers are few. Ask the Lord of the harvest, thereforeRead MoreThe Christian Disciple, A Follower Of Jesus1217 Words   |  5 PagesThe Christian disciple is a follower of Jesus who pursues morality through a life of faith and obedience to Christ and His teachings. The faithful disciple places absolute trust in God while he embarks on a quest for a fulfilling life rich in virtue and happiness. Discipleship specifically emphasizes a simplistic lifestyle focused on rejecting consumerism and giving to those in need. In practicing asceticism, however, a follower of Jesus is faced with the decision between two s eparate Christian lifestyles:Read MoreSt. Marks Gospel and the Nature of Discipleship Essay example1105 Words   |  5 PagesSt. Marks Gospel and the Nature of Discipleship The word disciple is used to describe the very first followers of Jesus. This term is also applied to anyone who calls him or herself a Christian. The word disciple is derived from the Latin-discipulus, meaning pupil or learner. Jesus was not the only person to have disciples there are also references to the disciples of the Pharisees and also John the Baptists disciples. The word is also used to describe the twelve Read MoreNature And Mission Of The Church1252 Words   |  6 Pages What are the primary tasks today? The nature of the Church is to be the universal body of Christ that is diverse, yet unified in mission. It is made up of faith communities or congregations that intermingle with the culture and place in which they live in order to live out the mission of the church. The nature of the church and its mission are interconnected to the point they cannot be separated . According to â€Å"Basic Christian Affirmations† : â€Å"With other Christians, we declare the essential onenessRead MoreUnderstanding The Quest For Intercultural Living1207 Words   |  5 PagesIntercultural Living This renewed understanding of missionary for all Christians fits to the context of the world today. The world is smaller because of modern transportation and social media. There are also small worlds where peoples from different countries, regions, cultures, races, etc. are able to live together in a specific area. People (refugees and immigrants) are on the move because of crises of poverty, war, politics, economy, etc. The cultural terminologies such as internationality, multiculturalityRead MoreWriting Assignment 12027 Words   |  9 PagesSeminary Writing Assignment 1 A paper submitted to Dr. Rick Garner In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course Discipleship Ministries DSMN 500 By Hershel L. Kreis, Jr. November 4, 2012 Toano, Virginia INTRODUCTION While there are those who may be uncomfortable with the idea that worship is a goal in making disciples, the goal of Christian education according to Mitchell is to make a disciple who worships Jesus. Mitchell points out that worship is more than just showingRead MoreDiscipleship : Discipleship And Discipleship Essay833 Words   |  4 PagesThe concept of discipleship can most likely be traced back to the beginning of time. It is comparable to a form of apprenticeship. In its simplest form, discipleship can be defined as the act of learning to become like someone by being under the influence of another. However, when one explores Biblical discipleship the rules change. It is certain that discipleship was a part of Jewish culture. However, Jesus and his chosen twelve model the most accurate Biblical form of discipleship. The purposeRead MoreThe 3 Levels of Discipleship Taught by Jesus Christ1536 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction When Jesus called His disciples, His invitation was simple. He invited them to follow Him. The same is true today. In Matthew 28, Jesus gave His last charge to His disciples, and the charge was simple. He called his followers to go and make disciples. Much effort has been placed by Christians to fulfill this charge, commonly referred to as the Great Commission. Jesus chose to fulfill the implementation of the New Covenant through 12 men who He called, appointed, and commissioned, and

Conformity vs. Individuality Essay - 622 Words

People dont talk about anything...and nobody says anything different from anyone else This quote, from Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, demonstrates how this fictional society had no individuality, yet they expressed no disprovement of the conformity. To be so simple minded as this civilization was would have eventually lead to self-destruction. To support my theory, recall in the novel when the old lady chose to commit suicide because she did not have freedom. She felt that even though she was free she was enslaved by the enforcement of limited knowledge. br brWithout individuality in todays society, the world would be filled with a population of large amounts of followers as opposed to leaders. Do you know where and what this†¦show more content†¦br brYou like bowling, dont you, Montag? brBowling, yes. brAnd golf? brGolf is a fine game. As you may have noticed, this society dared not to have different opinions or to disagree. Everyone was predictable and identical, wouldnt that be a perfect society? No one disagreeing, no disputes, no wars? I beg to differ because disagreeing and disputing create change. They also allow us to state our opinions as well as to listen to others opinions. After allowing other opinions to be broadcasted, you might identify an error in your opinion which could change your whole outlook on something. Widening your horizons and taking a dip in the sea of whys should be an experience we all have the chance in experimenting with. br brNot everyone born free and equal...but everyone made equal. Each man the image of each other. Just imagine sitting in a classroom where everyone acted, talked, and looked the same way. They always agreed and never opposed. Instead of having that individuality and being at one with yourself, and one in the eyes of others, youd be accounted as a whole. Our country today is not only a melting pot of cultures and races, but one of different ideas and knowledge waiting to be served, but if the people are not allowed to eat, then the knowledge is neverShow MoreRelatedConformity vs. Individuality1437 Words   |  6 PagesConformity versus individuality Willa Cathers Pauls Case, displays the conflict between conformity and individuality through the main character, Paul. On a number of occasions, Paul is forced to lie and steal to escape the conformists who wish to control him and stifle his unique imagination. However, his lying, stealing, and attempts to escape the conformists, only force Paul into isolation, depression, and feeling a sense of shame for his individuality. Throughout the story one might seeRead MoreIndividuality Vs Conformity Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pageswhether to pursue individuality or conformity in various situations. Although I believe that individuality is certainly more powerful than conformity, I noticed that many ignore the necessity of harmony between individualism and conformity. If individuality is absolutely more powerful to the point that we should never accept conformity, then should we avoid conforming to the laws of our country and instead commit multiple crimes simply because we want to? On the other hand, if conformity is more powerfulRead MoreIndividuality Vs. Conformity In Arthur Millers The Crucible928 Words   |  4 Pagesthat Miller achieves his topmost goal of displaying the hazards of Individuality vs. Ideology is through the expressive characterization of Reverend John Hale. John hale is an example of outward conformity because he believes in the devil in the beginning, he sees that the girls are lying and are followers of Abigail, and he makes people lie to save their lives. The Director of the play, Arthur Miller, reveals outward conformity of John hale in the beginning of the play when he believes in theRead MoreEssay on Conformity vs. Individuality in Schools886 Words   |  4 Pagesclasswork, homework, each a daily practice throughout the school year. Although all of these components promote conformity, which will ultimately support the balance of school and societal norms, they also tend to threaten each student’s own unique characteristics. This then poses the question; to what degree should schools encourage conformity versus individuality? Certainly, a level of conformity is required to achieve a balanced society however, the overall structure of the school day and class, includingRead MoreIndividuality vs. Conformity in High School Essay670 Words   |  3 Pageswould conform to look like the sophomores, juniors, and seniors. I felt that my good friends wanted to conform and be something they weren’t. In my personal view, Americ ans in general want to feel mature sophisticated but also want to have fun. Individuality is essential because it allows people to express who they are as an individual. When people express themselves differently and in their own way, they elucidate uniqueness and universal truth. Values in American culture can contradict with familyRead MoreCandide Essay example608 Words   |  3 Pagesand doesn’t want the society view him as an untrustworthy man. He has sacrificed his needs for the judgments of the society. In bildungsroman, the character is usually be able to make a smooth movement away from conformity throughout major conflicts such as individuality vs. conformity. During his adventures, Candide acquires wealth and experiences about the world. These factors cause Candide to question his belief in optimism. After Candide listened to Martin’s philosophy of pessimism, he has changedRead MoreThe Idea Of Conformity Vs. Non Conformity Emerges1601 Words   |  7 Pagesidea of conformity vs. non-conformity emerges in the American issue for generations as the opposing views on this concept exemplify diverse consequences in choosing which path to follow. In the genre of one’s journey west toward self-discovery, On the Road by Jack Kerouac, written in April 1951 illustrates the journey of him and his friend’s across America in the post war beat generation, as they counteracted the societal norms of that time in order to discover his own true individuality. SimilarlyRead M oreTim Burton, Style Analysis681 Words   |  3 Pagesuses, one of the most important in Edward Scissorhands would be conformity vs individuality. This motif comes into play with Edward’s first appearance. When Peggy first encounters him, there is a sort of irony because she sees that he is a loner, therefore she thinks he is unhappy. But, as the story unfolds we see that it is Peggy and the other conformists that are actually unhappy. The same motif of conformity vs. individuality was used in Charlie and The Chocolate Factory. Willy Wonka is aRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Not Get Them Bullied, It Depends On The Bully870 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Individuality vs. Conformity: The Issue behind School Uniforms,† Peter Caruso suggests clothing can provide clues to the status of a person which could also be connected to a person’s values. If all students were to dress the same, Caruso claims, ideas such as these would no longer be an issue (85). Carusoâ €™s idea that once schools implement a uniformed dress code we would no longer have to worry about our students being judged because of their perceived status is unfair. Why is conformity theRead MoreWhy Should We Take Gym Class?1275 Words   |  6 Pagesperson-- a lesser person. The benefits I received as a child from taking physical education were invaluable. A copious amount of concerned parents have raised the issue of individuality vs. conformity, or letting students choose whether or not they want to take the class vs. forcing them to, pertaining to physical education. Conformity is the wise choice-- schools should make gym a mandatory class every year. Because physical education improves a student’s health, encourages teamwork, and boosts academic

Segregation Of The Blacks By Langston Hughes - 911 Words

The most important idea I have learned about this semester has to be about segregation of the blacks. This topic struck my interest because have you ever thought about how it would be if they were still treated as poorly as they were during these times? Well the person that was in this chapter was Langston Hughes, which was a poet that wrote about the black community and what they struggled with in their everyday lives. He would even compare the lives of African Americans to the lives of the whites. During the times of his poems, slavery was over but the mistreating of the blacks wasn’t. Hughes talked about the dream the African Americans had and how the whites were putting it off. As this chapter continued, we learned about a man named Martin Luther King Jr. He was a man that always stuck to what he believed in and never gave into the thoughts of other people. He uses his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech to show how he felt about this problem they were having. In this spee ch he repeats â€Å"I have a Dream† many times to let the reader know that this is his main goal for the black community. He wants the blacks to be free and have the freedoms the whites have on a daily basis. He says â€Å"I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, that one day right down in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls asShow MoreRelatedEssay on Langston Hughes: Jazz Poet922 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes Many poets are well recognized for their poems and live that they lived but, one poet is not all that well known. This poet had a rough live living in persecution just because of his skin color. The famous but forgotten Langston Hughes had an exciting career and very intense writings during the severe segregation era which he had lived in Langston Hughes traveled around the world, which made his very exciting career although, it started out slow, and once it got going it took offRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance Essay1086 Words   |  5 Pagesmovers and shakers of the Harlem Renaissance is Langston Hughes. He amongst other artist brought new forms of black cultural expressions into urban areas that had been affected by The Great Migration. Harlem was the largest area affected by said Great Migration. Though the Harlem Renaissance was centered in Harlem the power and strength contained in the words of artist such as Langston Hughes reached Paris and even the Caribbean. Langston Hughes was a key figure in the Harlem Renaissance movementRead MoreLangston Hughes: A Man of Truth899 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes: A Man of Truth The main theme in most of Langston Hughes’s poems is the idea of a dream and the struggles to achieve that dream as an African American. Langston Hughes focuses his writing on the actual experiences and events of the African American working class during the Harlem Renaissance. He describes the struggles that African Americans have to face in following their dreams because of the discrimination and segregation. His writings were looked down upon by many criticsRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement During The 1960 S1224 Words   |  5 Pagesright to vote, and to not be segregated.   This movement had many important leaders that helped get rights for African Americans.   The book â€Å"Tambourines To Glory† is based on a play that Langston Hughes wrote.   The book shows the life of an African American back then as tough and it shows that living back then as a Black person you were segregated and you hardly had any rights.   The book talks about two female preac hers who open up a church In Harlem NY and the struggles that they go through with theRead MoreThe Life Poems of Langston Hughes Essay775 Words   |  4 Pagesliving with many relatives, Langston Hughes experienced poverty. Langston Hughes used poetry to speak to the people. Langston Hughes is a pioneer of African American literature and the Harlem renaissance error. Mr. Hughes dedicated his poems to the struggles, pride, dreams, and racial injustices of African American people. Langston Hughes was born James Langston Hughes, February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. Langston Hughes, named after his grandfather James Mercer Langston, was the first AfricanRead MoreThe Writing Of Langston Hughes1244 Words   |  5 Pagespractice of racial segregation was common during the early 20th century African American faced discrimination every day. They were forced to work, eat, live, and travel separate from the whites. African Americans deserved the same fair treatment of American freedom. In this poem Hughes knew that by labor he’s an American citizen; but as a black man in the pre-Civil rights movement, he wasn’t being treated like one. This poem identifies the struggles of a working minority black man. Freedom and equalityRead MoreAfrican American Poems : The Poetry Of Langston Hughes934 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes was one of the African Americans, who embraced and uplift his own culture during the Harlem Renaissance (New Negro Movement). As a n African American female, Hughes is my favorite poet because his poems talk about what was happening then. They were issues that needed to be addressed and not hidden. I decided to visualize myself as Langston Hughes, and asked if I was him, what reason would I have to write these poems? What am I trying to tell my audience? The reason is simple. My answerRead MoreLangston Hughes, An American Born Writer During The Harlem Renaissance Era930 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes was an American born writer during the Harlem Renaissance era. His work shed light on issues that white Americans turned their backs to. Racism and segregations was, at one time, a very large issue in our country. Hughes addressed that issue throughout poetry and in doing so, became the most popular writer of his time. He opened the eyes of many, while accurately portraying African American culture in such a way that everyone couldn’t respect. The passion that Hughes had for his topicsRead MoreThe Har lem Renaissance : Langston Hughes1145 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Negro race as demonstrated by artists such as Langston Hughes. During the peak of the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes created poetry that was not only artistically and musically sound but also captured a blues essence giving life to a new mode of poetry as it portrayed the African American struggles with ego and society leading Langston Hughes to be one of the most influential icons of the Harlem Renaissance. One affair is for sure, Hughes consistent use of common themes allows them to beRead MoreLangston Hughes and the Civil Rights Movement.1725 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the early 1930s many black writers begin to produce works that helped to shape and define the Civil Rights movement. Among them was Langston Hughes whose poems and writing contributed directly to the rhetoric of the day and inspired many African-Americans, both in and out of the Civil Rights movement. Much of this grew out of what was called th e Harlem Renaissance, which emerged during turbulent times for the world, the United States, and black Americans. World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution

Marketing Tools That Can Help Marketers Capture Their Target Market Term Paper

Essays on Marketing Tools That Can Help Marketers Capture Their Target Market Better Term Paper The paper "Marketing Tools That Can Help Marketers Capture Their Target Market Better" is a brilliant example of a term paper on marketing. The world has been using different media of communication to market their product. With the advent of technology; the growth in this sector has been a phenomenon. The human world has been using different forms of media like mobiles, iPods, internet, SMS, social media and other forms of media to advertise their product. The marketers, as a result, are looking towards identifying the different techniques and tools which will help to improve the marketing strategies.Purpose of the reportTo identify the different direct marketing tools which are gaining prominence in the marketing worldTo identify the advantages and disadvantages the different direct marketing tools have for marketers.To identify the different products that can be marketed through direct marketing toolsScope limitation of the reportThe report looks towards presenting the manner in w hich the new marketing tools like social media, mobile, SMS, iPods help marketers to market the product. To understand it various examples have been drawn along with the growth in the usage of these devices over the years.The report looks into the qualitative aspect of the new marketing tool but ignores the quantitative aspect as no survey is carried out to gather the information both from the marketers and the customers.Consumer Buying BehaviourConsumer buying behavior â€Å"is a process of deciding what to purchase after analyzing various factors† (Tyagi Arun, 2008). â€Å"It’s very difficult to find out what customers prefer as their behavior is irrational† (Abraham, 2009). The buying habit depends on a lot of factors. This makes it tough for the companies to decide which all factors they will consider while making a forecast. So, the job of marketers increases. Marketers need to be very alert and even the slightest of information needs to be communicated el se it will result in the piling of huge stocks. It is important that marketers put in their best effort and try to understand what customers want so that the product can be designed accordingly. This has made it possible for marketers to use new marketing tactics due to the development of technology.Using Social Media for marketingThe usage of social media has also â€Å"strengthened the marketing as marketers use blogs to demonstrate their products where customers are able to understand the product better†. (Kotler, 2002) This helps to create a chain of the customer. Higher customer satisfaction will ensure that more consumers purchase a similar product thereby increasing their bargaining power and will help them to ensure customer satisfaction increases. This will help marketers achieve the objective and ensure that the relationship improves.A study has also shown that enterprise needs to spend time to improve the quality of service provided by reducing stress and freeing u p time to come with product development so that it helps to improve the productivity and the financial figure (Lucas David, 2008).

Nietzsche Free Essays

Perhaps the most convincing arguments Nietzsche makes for the idea that God is either dead or does not exist is the idea that God is a creation of Western society, a universal ideal of morality, truth and ethics. When he argues then that those things no longer exist, if indeed they ever did, as a unifying factor in European culture, he makes a convincing argument that God was merely a creation of humanity to fulfill a spiritual need for there to be a greater good or high purpose for life. In Nietzsche’s argument, the next step after the acceptance of the death of God is a step toward nihilism and the idea that life has no meaning. We will write a custom essay sample on Nietzsche or any similar topic only for you Order Now On a personal level, choosing to accept the idea that God does not exist gives the reader the ultimate freedom and responsibility for his own life. The reader can no longer blame personal decisions on some epic struggle between good and evil, but must acknowledge that his or her actions are his own, chosen based on her own wants, needs and perceptions. The idea that there is no higher power to answer to can be emotionally devastating or it can be liberating. For many the idea of God has always been a strange dichotomy as most religious preach a god of mercy and love and yet bad, often horrible, things happen, even to those who are devout worshippers of that god. Too often, the religious have tried to explain away why God allows bad things to happen. From hurricanes to the Holocaust, there has never been a logical explanation for a God of love and mercy to allow evil. Some have argued that evil must exist to show good for what it is, but that too is simply hiding behind the reality. One does not have to eat a good apple to know when one is bad and vice versa. Any act can be judged on its own merit without the benefit of the opposing force. Therefore, determining that God does not exist only matters when the person who discovers this decides it matters. For those with no faith, the death of God means nothing. For people of faith, it is a devastating conclusion. However,   it seems that it should be argued that people of faith, for whom seeing is not believing, should never become convinced that God does not exist and should be completely unaffected by Nietzsche. In essence, since God is a concept defined by man, its importance is likewise defined by man.    How to cite Nietzsche, Essay examples Nietzsche Free Essays 1. Introduction In the following I will consider Nietzsche’s essay ‘On truth and Lies in a nonmoral sense’.   First I will look at a small section of this to work out his views on language, then I will examine the whole of the essay in order to consider his use of metaphor, metonymy and anthropomorphisms in detail. We will write a custom essay sample on Nietzsche or any similar topic only for you Order Now This examination will lead, by way of a consideration of the ways in which he uses metaphor and other devices, into a consideration of his arguments regarding the nature of language. I will put forward the view that his interpretation of the nature of language undermines itself as it seeks to put itself forward as a truth while denying that truth exists as such. 2. Truth and Language First, I consider the passage which starts â€Å"What then is truth†.   In this passage, Nietzsche wants to convey the flexible and changing quality of language.   The statements which we take as truth, straightforward and easy to understand, were in fact originally more akin to poetry in their relationship with how things really are. Language which was originally used in a metaphoric, metonymic or anthropomorphic way has lost the vital force of the original statements, the original power of the symbolic use of language has become lost and only a shell remains. Over time the non-literal original sense has become literal so we take the words as a straightforwardly true or false statement.  Ã‚   In the original use of language, people could understand that the terms were not meant literally but a rich and evocative picture of how things are. This richness has become lost and we are left only with the empty structural force of the language, which we interpret as simple truth. This is my overall understanding of this paragraph. However it is difficult to paraphrase accurately, due to the richness of the language Nietzsche uses. We could in fact say that his contention that â€Å"truths are illusions which we have forgotten are illusions† is couched in terms which are in themselves heavily metaphorical, rather than the propositions which would be easy to paraphrase.   Truth, in the paragraph in question, is ‘a movable host’, an ‘illusion’, something which is ‘drained of sensuous force’ and a ‘coin’. The associations of these are rich, but not necessarily reconcilable. A coin, for instance, is not an illusion as it is an everyday part of economic exchange.   Therefore, the most important facet of Nietzsche’s argument would seem to be that it is not a conventional argument; rather he uses poetry and metaphor to demonstrate the nature or language, rather than explain it in a step by step way. I now turn to the larger essay of which this quotation is a part.   There are a host of metaphors, metonymies and anthropomorphisms in it[1], and as pointed out in the question it is easy to overlook these.  Ã‚   I will pick out a few of these to discuss why it is easy to overlook them.   Part of the reason would seem to be that the text is simply so dense with them. In some sentences,   several of these devices being crammed into it. Take, for example, the first few sentences (1).   â€Å"World history† is described as â€Å"arrogant and mendacious†; an anthropomorphic device ascribing human characteristics to an abstract notion. Nature, likewise, is said to â€Å"draw a few breaths† which combines anthropomorphism with the metaphor of taking a while to pause.   Later in the same paragraph, nature is said to â€Å"swell up like a balloon† which again combines metaphor and anthropomorphism.   As well as the denseness with which these devices are packed, it is also the case that a more obvious device masks one in the same sentence which is less flamboyant.   For example, in the sentence quoted immediately above, nature is also described as â€Å"reprehensibleâ€Å": a quality which properly speaking should really be ascribed to humans only. This less noticeable anthropomorphism somehow comes across as a literal statement. I suspect this is part of Nietzsche’s intention, as it shows the way in which language can slip from being thoroughly poetic to less obviously so.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The structure of his essay works to underline this. Passages of a less metaphorical or metonymic nature occur in between passages where the use of these devices, together with anthropomorphism, is dense.  Ã‚   For example, Nietzsche discusses (4) how metaphor is involved in every step of verbalization and conceptualization from sense perception to abstract terms. This discussion is couched in reasonably straightforward language without obvious use of metaphor and the like. Passages such as these are, however, set against ones in which the language is dense with poetic devices, where, as Nietzsche says there is â€Å"a moveable host of metaphors, metonymies, and anthropomorphisms† (5).  Ã‚   Such poetic passages require a different type of reading, one in which we are forced to recognize language as the dense and image-packed structure Nietzsche would have us believe it is in its entirety. In other words, I would contend that the mixing of metaphorical passages with more ’straightforward’ ones is a device intended to remind us of the inherently metaphorical nature of all words. Another way in which Nietzsche uses the devices reinforces the above. The metaphorical, metonymical and anthropomorphic passages provide a vivid and strong illustration of his points in the more straightforward sections. For example, he talks about man’s need for deception (2) â€Å"a continuous fluttering around the solitary flame of vanity†. The visual image thus constructed powerfully reiterates the later points he makes about the nature of truth and the value it plays for mankind.  Ã‚   He appeals, as it were, to both our intellect and our senses. Section two of the essay is rich   in unusual use of metaphor and other devices.   Perhaps the most dense passage occurs at the end, where Nietzsche talks about intuitive (as opposed to rational) man.   He piles device upon device to reiterate the way he portays intuitive man. He is said to â€Å"reap† â€Å"a harvest† from his intuition, but Nietzsche takes the unusual step of elaborating this metaphor in another direction, for what man reaps is â€Å"continually inflowing illumination†, a metaphor one would associate with a river, not a harvest. I believe Nietzsche compounds metaphors in this way in order to demonstrate that the sense of what he is saying is not straightforward but has depths and resonates in different directions. It is also unusual that these two metaphors hide another, at the beginning of the sentence, where man is said to be â€Å"standing in the midst of a culture†.   Here one could almost overlook the metaphoric nature of the expression, as it is close to a common-sense expression. I’d suggest that here Nietzsche is using the more unusual figures of speech as a way of alerting   us to the metaphorical nature of all expression, including cases like this where the metaphor has almost passed into ordinary use. Another remarkable passage starts section two. Here the scientist is described as building his â€Å"hut†, which is equated with his understanding of the world. The imagery here is particularly rich and evocative, drawing up a visual image of a towering structure.   It would seem that Nietzsche uses such particularly visual imagery to introduce his discussion of dreams, for the words evoke images akin to dreaming consciousness. A final point I would make about the use of metaphorical devices centers on his use of different metaphors (in this case with an animal theme) to reinforce his points.   For example, when talking about the development of conceptualization, he compares it to both building upon a spider’s web and to a bee’s building with wax (7).   Earlier in the same passage he talks of this conceptualization in the context of the Roman gods.  Ã‚   Because he repeats metaphors taken from levels ‘above’ and ‘below’ that of man, it is as if he is creating an over-metaphor which draws attention to man’s nature and its distinctness from the animal kingdom and that of the gods, which in turn serves to reinforce his notion of the subjectivity of language and perception. I now turn to the general points made about language in the essay as a whole. Firstly, I will give an overview of the essay itself before turning to a critique of Nietzsche’s points.   The essay divides into two parts, and the tone of each is slightly different. The first contains more argument of a philosophical nature, although in the context of rhetorical passages, whereas the second is more lyrical in tone throughout.   In part one, Nietzche discusses man’s intellect. We think we are the centre of the universe, and that our knowledge is a special thing, but so do the most lowly members of the animal kingdom. Our nature is inherantly deceptive, not aimed towards truth, however due to social constraints we feel it necessary to embrace truth in order to become part of a social world.   He then turns to the nature of truth, which for Neitzsche is inherantly illusionary and based on metaphor. Looking at the way in which we come to understand the world, this is based not on an actual coherence to things in themselves but an illusion,   even at the most basic perceptual stage. Likewise concepts and abstractions have no inherant connection to the ‘real’ state of the world. The moral impulse towards truth is nothing more than a Darwinian survival of the fittest.   Man cannot escape the trap of his inherantly metaphorical viewpoint, which is also specific to the human species alone. However, to give ourselves a sense of security, we have to forget the metaphorical nature of understanding and take our experience as an experience of how things really are. Nietzsche concludes part one with a summary of the subjectivity of man’s experience. Part two has a different tone, being more poetical overall.   He starts by dismissing the claims of science to impart general truths which hold for all time. He reiterates that the drive to metaphor is the most important. Dreams are a way in which we can begin to understand the richness of the creative and metaphorical drive for what it is, a drive which is distinct from the scientific, rational one. In this section, Nietzsche seems to be hinting, against the first section, that through dreams and art man can perhaps come to an understanding of the role metaphor plays in language and truth. Nietzsche makes several general assertions about the nature of language in his essay. His foremost point is that language is inherently metaphorical.   As pointed out, he reiterates this by use of the type of device he believes is a model of language.  Ã‚   This, I think, is the central theme of his essay, and one which, by his use of language, he puts across most subtlety.   However, there seems to be a problem with his view point.   He seems to be taking the viewpoint of someone who can say what is true and what is not. He wants to say that truth as we perceive it is an illusion, but does not explain why we should believe his illusion rather than any other.   He does not merely want to suggest by poetic devices that truth is an illusion, but to argue that this is the case.  Ã‚   He wants to do philosophy, not poetry, and philosophy is concerned with using rational argument to put forward ones own case, and dismiss opposing views.   The problem is that any argument he uses to support his own view also works against this view. I believe Nietzsche’s other points are flawed also.   Man’s nature, he contends, is to deceive himself, and this, he postulates, is for a Darwinian end, the survival of the individual (2).  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first instinct of the individual is self-preservation, and hence to deceive. However, social forces come into play; if man wants to exist happily with others he cannot be seen to tell lies, that is, to disagree with the herd.   Therefore the desire for truth comes into play. Truth is useful to society. Man does not desire truth for his own sake, as the philosophers say, rather he â€Å"desires the pleasant, life-preserving consequences of truth† (3).  Ã‚   Nietzsche thus postulates a socially driven theory of truth, where the quest for knowledge is an illusion, and social reality the only reality.   My argument with this would be it fails to explain cases where individuals act in a way which they know will make their position in their social group uncomfortable and unpleasant, and do so because they want to find the truth. Nietzsche talks about the way in which humans develop language to argue that metaphor is always present from original sense perceptions (3-4).   He says â€Å"a nerve stimulus is transferred into an image: first metaphorâ€Å" (4).   After this, he says, each subsequent stage is also built upon metaphor. However, I would argue that in order to distinguish a metaphor as such, we need to have a concept of how things really are, in order that we can know when descriptions are metaphorical (that is, not literal).   If, as Nietzsche argues, metaphor exists from the very first act of perception, then how can we make sense of a distinction between metaphor and non-metaphor? There is also, I believe, a confusion in the essay about the status of what Nietzsche proposes. He suggests that man had to erase the understanding of the metaphorical nature of language from his consciousness in order to live with any sense of security, and also that if man could escape from the confines of this prison-like viewpoint, â€Å"his â€Å"self-consciousness† would be immediately destroyed† (8).   This suggests that man is permanently trapped in the view of language as a truth bearing vehicle, unable to see things as they really are.   This is problematic in two ways. First, that Nietzsche obviously thinks he can stand outside this language trap in order to explain how others are bound by it. Secondly, he seems to suggest at the same time that man can come to the realization that the nature of language and indeed life is other than he believes it to be, which assumes that the prison of language is one that can, and should be overcome.   This confusion seems at least partly to derive from the two sections of the essay, which are different in tone. In the second section he seems to be saying that art is one way in which man can free himself from the confines of language and â€Å"confuse the conceptual categories and cells by bringing forward new transferences, metaphors, and metonymies† (10). 3. Conclusion In the above, I have attempted a brief analysis of Nietzsche’s essay. I have attempted to bring out his central point, that language is essentially metaphorical, and also to look his other discussions of the nature language and truth plays for man.   I have looked at the ways in which he uses metaphor, metonymy and anthropomorphism in different ways, each of which underline his central ideas about language.   I have tried to show that, for me, his arguments although subtle and dense are ultimately not coherent, as he tries to step outside the framework of metaphor to explain how things ‘really are’. I also suggest that although Nietzsche is attempting philosophy, to convince the reader that he has a valid thesis and to present the argument for this, it is difficult to answer his case fully as he uses the resources of a poet as well as a philosopher.   It is not within the brief to use poetry and metaphor to answer Nietzsche, so there’s a sense in which I am unable to answer him on his own terms. [1]   briefly, a metaphor is when one thing is compared to another by saying â€Å"a is b† or similar, for example â€Å"my heart is a fountain†, where b is something which a is not normally literally said to be.   Metonymy is where a feature of something is used as a shorthand for the thing itself. For example, a school child might refer to a particular teacher as ’big nose’.   Finally anthropomorphism is when human characteristics are ascribed to animals: Nietzsche’s use seems also to include the ascription of specifically human traits to an impersonal non-human world. How to cite Nietzsche, Essay examples Nietzsche Free Essays Nietzsche says, in effect, that between Plato, Augustine, and the Buddhist there’s â€Å"not a dime’s worth of difference. † What features does he see them as having in common? Why does he not share these points of view? Nietzsche viewed our values in life in a different way than most philosophers. He had a different perspective in the meanings behind â€Å"good† and â€Å"bad. We will write a custom essay sample on Nietzsche or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Most philosophers defined â€Å"good† as the weak and ill ones, by Judgement of ranking and high class to low class. Nietzsche believed that all philosophers lacked the â€Å"historical spirit itself. They all have the common Judgement of determining the concept and judgement of â€Å"good. † Nietzsche talks about how unegoistic actions were always praised as good even when they weren’t naturally good. Nietzsche believes that the judgement in â€Å"good† does not stem from those who goodness is rendered. This means those to who goodness was shown weren’t actually good. He believed that the noble and powerful ones, the ones who were ranked as good because of high- ranking, high-minded, and powerful ranked themselves and their doings of â€Å"good. The good good is compared to the word truth because the good is the truth and the ruth is the good. The rich, high ranking, strong, beautiful, brave and powerful are associated with the truth and good. As for the poor, ugly, common and low ranking, they are associated with cowardice and lying. Nietzsche blames the Jews for the views and how people defined â€Å"good† and â€Å"evil† because the Jews, who were poor, and common, were in Nietzsche words â€Å"the most refined hates in human history. † It is because of the Jews that people view the poor, and wretched as good and the powerful and noble as evil. This brings us to the conclusion that Nietzsche believes hey all have in common in what he calls the slave revolt in morality. The slave revolt in morality begins when resentment becomes a creative force. It gives birth to new values and causes a battle between power, values, and ranking issues. The slave revolt morality causes the slave to feel much resentment against its master, Resentment that turns into evil. Imaginary revenge builds up within a slave against its master, turning the slave to â€Å"bad/evil. † In the slave revolt morality, the slave see themselves as the good and their masters as the evil ones when in reality it urns into the opposite because of the resentment that builds up inside them against their masters. The man of resentment allows for hatred to grow in him and having to rely on secrets and scheming, becoming more clever than the noble man. Also, slave morality declines what is different, and not itself. It says â€Å"no† to an outside and anything that is different, this is a creative deed. It makes people realize the distinctions between things. This is important because it us a system that helps level everything out instead of promoting greatness. Nietzsche By rosast6 How to cite Nietzsche, Papers

Communicating Agricultural Sciences Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Communicating Agricultural Sciences. Answer: A Literature review Integrated Pest Management: Sophisticated approach towards reduction of chemical use in Cotton crop The emerging technologies in pest management of cotton crops as a part of the integrated pest management or IPM have significantly influenced chemical usage. Pretty and Bharucha (2015) argued that the IPM is not just the resource conserving technology. When compared to other forms IMP is the sustainable intensification that increases the natural, human and social capital by preventing the crop, pest, weeds and disease. The sophisticated approach to grow cotton crops without chemicals reduces the use of the pesticides by 50%. Chemicals such as mercury, calcium arsenate, copper arsenite, and others are no more required in the agro ecosystem. The author highlighted the use of alternative methods such as biopesticides and insecticides to cotton crop. The results showed increase in yields with reduction in chemicals to cotton crops although complex. On the other hand the chemicals use reduction is significant. However, the author also presented the drawback of reducing chemical use such a s evolution of pests, diseases and weeds. The study is limited as it focuses in other crops other than cotton. The results were supported by the survey of Wilson et al. (2018) that highlighted incorporation of the IPM in Australian industry. It is attributed to sophisticated approach called production of the Bt cotton. In this approach the, the cotton crop is injected with the genome of the Bacillus thurengienesis to prevent damage by insect toxins. It significantly decreased the use of the of insecticide active ingredient spread per hectare. Thus this approach of using the pest ecology/ biology is advantageous as year round approach. This approach is useful against resistant Helicoverpa spp. larvae in Bt cotton. Reducing the chemical use and replacing with this approach has resulted in the increase in environmental and economic gains. This system has well evolved since 50 years in Australia owing to the flexibility of the sophisticated approach. The limitations of the approach are focus only in Australian industry. In the book by Luttrell et al. (2015) reduction in chemical use by sophisticated approach as part of the IPM, is discussed. The author presented the advancement in the arthropod control technologies, crop management system and improved insect management system. This process reduces the arthropod damage to the cotton crops. It drastically decreases the insecticidal control of several key cotton pests. Greatest advancement being the Bt cotton in US. This is in alignment with the results of Wilson et al. (2018), however, it focused more on the adaptive capacity of the arthropods and spatial scales of management. This approach to reduce the chemicals have remarkable reduced the arthropod damage. Unlike the above cross section survey studies, Krishna and Qaim (2012) emphasised the long term effects of the reduced chemical use for cotton crops and the advantage of the Bt cotton. The data on sustainability was a literature gap and omitted by this study. This study collected data from the pa nel survey of cotton farmers in India. The Bt use significantly reduced the applications of pesticides by non-Bt farmers. The results coincided with the above results. However, it contradicted the results by Wilson et al. (2018) that considered that the Bt approach would become obsolete. The data is however limited due to small farmer setting. The study by Downes et al. (2017) gave evidence to the Wilson et al. (2018) argument that the Bt cotton approach has challenges. In this study, the findings highlighted the resistance of Helicoverpa armigera in Australian to DDT with use of broad spectrum insecticide. Despite various rotating chemistries and the use of modified chemical sprays the resistance continued, until genetically modified crops augmented IPM. The results imply that the resistance management is vital for genetically modified cotton crops. Another study by Benbrook (2012), also gave similar evidence. In the herbicide-resistant weed management system, to mitigate the spread of glyphosate-resistant weeds, there is an increasing amount of the herbicide use. This increase reduced the insecticide use onBtcrops. The results were also supported by another meta-analysis by Klmper and Qaim (2014). The results of the study concluded that genetically modified technology adoption reduces the chemical use by 37% and increase s the crop yields by 22%. This technology also increases the farmers profit by 68%. When compared to the herbicide-tolerant crops, insect-resistant cropsshowedincreased yield gains and reduction of chemicals both in the developing and developed countries. Although the original studies does not show sample size and variance measured it is useful to increase the public trust in the technology. This study eliminated the gap created by Wilson et al. (2018) and Luttrell et al. (2015) that focused on single countries. Studies from different countries showed efficacy of the transgenic Bt cotton approach in reducing the chemical use in the cotton crops. Countries like Australia, US and other developed countries have demonstrated the successful adoption to the sophisticated approach as a part of IPM There is a literature gap in the factors preventing the adoption to alternate to chemicals in pest management. The gap in the literature was covered by the survey conducted by Khan and Damalas (2015). The results showed that half of the farmers in the Punjab in Pakistan were forced to use pesticides for cotton crops. The main determinants were lack of education, lack of environmentally sound pest control methods. The increased availability of the chemical and the poor government regulation system were other barriers ion adoption of sophisticated approach to reduce chemical in cotton crops. The study implies for strong government policies and regulation system. The results align with that of Khan and Damal as (2015). It highlighted that the cotton farmers had less knowledge of the pesticide safety issues and thus relied on the chemical method. The results implied the farmers education and training to create awareness of natural enemies of cotton pests. Similar study on farmers perspective in Iran revealed that adoption of sophisticated approach of biological control could be enhanced by recognising the negative effects of chemicals (Abdollahzadeh et al., 2015). References Abdollahzadeh, G., Sharifzadeh, M.S. and Damalas, C.A., 2015. Perceptions of the beneficial and harmful effects of pesticides among Iranian rice farmers influence the adoption of biological control.Crop Protection,75, pp.124-131. Benbrook, C.M., 2012. Impacts of genetically engineered crops on pesticide use in the US--the first sixteen years.Environmental Sciences Europe,24(1), p.24. Downes, S., Kriticos, D., Parry, H., Paull, C., Schellhorn, N. and Zalucki, M.P., 2017. A perspective on management of Helicoverpa armigera: transgenic Bt cotton, IPM, and landscapes.Pest management science,73(3), pp.485-492. Khan, M. and Damalas, C.A., 2015. Factors preventing the adoption of alternatives to chemical pest control among Pakistani cotton farmers.International Journal of pest management,61(1), pp.9-16. Khan, M. and Damalas, C.A., 2015. Farmers' knowledge about common pests and pesticide safety in conventional cotton production in Pakistan.Crop Protection,77, pp.45-51. Klmper, W. and Qaim, M., 2014. A meta-analysis of the impacts of genetically modified crops.PloS one,9(11), p.e111629. Krishna, V.V. and Qaim, M., 2012. Bt cotton and sustainability of pesticide reductions in India.Agricultural Systems,107, pp.47-55. Luttrell, R.G., Teague, T.G. and Brewer, M.J., 2015. Cotton insect pest management.Cotton, (agronmonogr57), pp.509-546. Pretty, J. and Bharucha, Z.P., 2015. Integrated pest management for sustainable intensification of agriculture in Asia and Africa.Insects,6(1), pp.152-182. Wilson, L.J., Whitehouse, M.E. and Herron, G.A., 2018. The Management of Insect Pests in Australian Cotton: An Evolving Story.Annual review of entomology,63(1).